chkdsk /f /r means

chkdsk /f /r is a Windows command that performs a comprehensive disk check, first to fix file system errors with the /f parameter and then to scan for and recover data from bad sectors on the hard drive with the /r parameter. Running this command requires administrative privileges in the Command Prompt and may prompt to schedule the scan for a system restart if checking the active operating system drive. 

Understanding the Parameters

• /f (Fix Errors):This parameter tells chkdsk to check the disk’s file system for logical errors and attempt to fix them. 
• /r (Recover Bad Sectors):This parameter is a more thorough command that implies /f. It locates bad sectors on the disk, attempts to recover readable information from them, and marks the sectors as unusable so that data isn’t written to them in the future. 

How to Use chkdsk /f /r

1. 1. Open Command Prompt as Administrator:Search for “cmd” in the Start menu, right-click on Command Prompt, and select “Run as administrator”. 
2. 2. Enter the Command:In the Administrator Command Prompt window, type chkdsk [drive letter]: /f /r (e.g., chkdsk C: /f /r) and press Enter. 
3. 3. Schedule the Scan:If the command is run on the operating system’s drive (usually C:), you will be asked to schedule the scan for the next restart. Type “Y” and press Enter. 
4. 4. Restart Your Computer:The scan will begin automatically when you restart your computer. 
5. 5. Be Patient:The scan, especially with the /r parameter, can take several hours to complete. 

Important Considerations 

• Backup Your Data:Always back up important data before running chkdsk /f /r as there is a risk of data loss, especially if the disk has severe errors.
• Do Not Interrupt:Do not interrupt the chkdsk process, as this can lead to further disk corruption.