truncate character in php if exceed length

To truncate a string in PHP if its length exceeds a specified limit, the substr() function is commonly used.

Here is an example of how to truncate a string and append an ellipsis if it exceeds a certain length:

<?php

function truncateString(string $text, int $maxLength, string $ellipsis = '...'): string
{
    if (strlen($text) > $maxLength) {
        return substr($text, 0, $maxLength) . $ellipsis;
    }
    return $text;
}

$longString = "This is a very long string that needs to be truncated if it exceeds a certain length.";
$shortString = "Short text.";

echo "Truncated long string: " . truncateString($longString, 20) . "\n";
echo "Short string (not truncated): " . truncateString($shortString, 20) . "\n";

?>

In this example:

• truncateString function: This function takes three arguments:
  • $text: The original string to be truncated.
  • $maxLength: The maximum desired length of the string before truncation.
  • $ellipsis: (Optional) The characters to append to the truncated string (defaults to ...).
• strlen($text): This function calculates the length of the string.
• Conditional Check: The if statement checks if the length of $text is greater than $maxLength.
• substr($text, 0, $maxLength): If the string is too long, substr() extracts a portion of the string starting from the beginning (offset 0) up to the specified $maxLength.
• Concatenation: The extracted substring is then concatenated with the $ellipsis to indicate truncation.
• Return Original String: If the string is not longer than $maxLength, the original string is returned unchanged.