Control statements help your program make decisions based on conditions.

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✅ 1. if Statement

Runs code only if condition is true

let age = 18;if (age >= 18) {
  console.log("You can vote");
}

👉 If condition is true → code runs
👉 If false → nothing happens

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✅ 2. if...else

Runs one block if true, another if false

let age = 16;if (age >= 18) {
  console.log("Adult");
} else {
  console.log("Minor");
}

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✅ 3. else if

Used when checking multiple conditions

let marks = 75;if (marks >= 90) {
  console.log("Grade A");
} else if (marks >= 70) {
  console.log("Grade B");
} else if (marks >= 50) {
  console.log("Grade C");
} else {
  console.log("Fail");
}

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✅ 4. switch Statement

Better alternative when checking many fixed values

let day = 2;switch (day) {
  case 1:
    console.log("Monday");
    break;
  case 2:
    console.log("Tuesday");
    break;
  case 3:
    console.log("Wednesday");
    break;
  default:
    console.log("Invalid day");
}

👉 break stops execution
👉 Without break, next cases also run

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🔹 🔁 Loops (Repeat Code)

Loops help run code multiple times automatically

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✅ 1. for Loop

Used when you know how many times to run

for (let i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
  console.log(i);
}

👉 Output: 1 2 3 4 5

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✅ 2. while Loop

Runs while condition is true

let i = 1;while (i <= 5) {
  console.log(i);
  i++;
}

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✅ 3. do...while

Runs at least once, even if condition is false

let i = 1;do {
  console.log(i);
  i++;
} while (i <= 5);

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✅ 4. break

Stops loop immediately

for (let i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
  if (i === 5) {
    break;
  }
  console.log(i);
}

👉 Output: 1 2 3 4

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✅ 5. continue

Skips one iteration

for (let i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
  if (i === 3) {
    continue;
  }
  console.log(i);
}

👉 Output: 1 2 4 5

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🧠 Practice Programs

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🎯 1. Number Guessing Game

let secret = 7;
let guess;while (guess !== secret) {
  guess = Number(prompt("Guess a number (1-10):"));  if (guess === secret) {
    console.log("🎉 Correct!");
  } else {
    console.log("❌ Try again");
  }
}

👉 Concepts used:

• while loop
• if else

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🎯 2. Multiplication Table Generator

let num = Number(prompt("Enter a number:"));for (let i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
  console.log(num + " x " + i + " = " + (num * i));
}

👉 Output example for 5:

5 x 1 = 5
5 x 2 = 10
...
5 x 10 = 50