How to manage Journal logs in ubuntu

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June 28, 2021 in Technology, Tips and Tricks, Ubuntu

How to manage Journal logs in ubuntu

Yes you can delete everything inside of /var/log/journal/* but do not delete the directory itself. You can also query journalctl to find out how much disk space it’s consuming:

$ journalctl --disk-usage
Journals take up 3.8G on disk.

You can control the size of this directory using this parameter in your /etc/systemd/journald.conf:

SystemMaxUse=50M

You can force a log rotation:

$ sudo systemctl kill --kill-who=main --signal=SIGUSR2 systemd-journald.service

NOTE: You might need to restart the logging service to force a log rotation, if the above signaling method does not do it. You can restart the service like so:

$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald.service

abrt logs

These files too under /var/cache/abrt-di/* can be deleted as well. The size of the log files here is controlled under:

$ grep -i size /etc/abrt/abrt.conf 
# Max size for crash storage [MiB] or 0 for unlimited
MaxCrashReportsSize = 1000

You can control the max size of /var/cache/abrt-di by changing the following in file, /etc/abrt/plugins/CCpp.conf:

DebugInfoCacheMB = 2000

NOTE: If not defined DebugInfoCacheMB defaults to 4000 (4GB).

June 28, 2021 in Learning, Technology, Tips and Tricks, Ubuntu

What is the journal?

what is journal in ubuntu

Many modern file systems employ a journal including NTFS, Ext3/4, XFS, HFS+, and others. The journal helps with two things, avoiding file system corruption and speeding up recovery after a failure such as a power loss or system crash. There are two major components to a file system, the data and the metadata. The data is the contents of a file, image, video, documents, and ultimately it is what gives the file system it’s value. The metadata is what describes the structure of the filesystem including how files are named, stored in directories, access permissions, file modification times, and recording areas of the disk that are in use or are free to be allocated to other files as they grow or are created. If the metadata becomes corrupted because of a system crash, it could lead to further data loss/corruption. For example, part of the disk might be selected for allocation to a file, but if it’s not recorded correctly before a crash, it might be added to the file’s list of data blocks, but still in the list of free data blocks and allocated to a second file later on. Now, there are two files that are sharing the same data blocks/content.

The journal is a place on the disk reserved for recording changes to the file system. The exact details of what is being changed it written first to the journal located in a single location on disk, then, after the journal is updated, the changes are applied to the appropriate locations on the disk which might require several writes. One the updates are done, the journal entry is marked as complete. After a crash, the system only need to examine the journal for incomplete entries and complete them to fix the file system. This speeds recovery and ensures a change is made entirely or not at all. If a block is allocated to a growing file, it will be added to the file’s block list and also marked as in use.

Also, on file systems that support journalling, most often it’s only metadata journalling to preserve the structure, but not the data itself. Full data journalling is normally quite expensive and slow, but less crucial than metadata. It’s possible to enable for data as well if needed.

Also, to complete this, there are some file systems that don’t currently offer journalling including FAT32, exFAT, Ext2, and UDF. If there’s a crash during an update, a full scan of the filesystem needs to be done to track down any errors or corruption.

June 28, 2021 in Technology, Tips and Tricks, Ubuntu

check which website get more load on ubuntu

System Load or System Load Average

It is run-queue i.e a queue of processes waiting for a resource(cpu, i/o etc.) to become available .

Consider a single-core cpu as a single lane of traffic with bridge and process as cars.

Now in this situation System load is

  • 0.0 – If there is no traffic on the road.
  • 1.0 -If the traffic on the road is exactly the capacity of bridge.
  • More than 1 – If the traffic on road is higher than the capacity of bridge and cars have to wait to pass trough the bridge.

This number is not normalized according to your cpu. In Multiprocessor system, load 2 mean 100 % utilization of we are using dual-core processor, load 4 means 100% utilization if we are using quad-core.

You can get your system load using

  • uptime
  • cat /proc/loadavg
  • top$uptime 22:49:47 up 11:47, 4 users, load average: 2.20, 1.03, 0.82

Here the last three number representing the system load average for 1, 5 and 15 minutes respectively.

The example above indicates that on average there were 2.20 processes waiting to be scheduled on the run-queue measured over the last minute.

June 24, 2021 in E-Commerce, Technology, Tips and Tricks

Upsell Best Selling products for Shopify

by Cozy eCommerce Addons

Upsell Geo-Targeted Best Sellers Popular Trending Products

Editable Best Selling Products

Fully controlled best selling products where app will create best selling products and you can edit collection as well instead of hoping!

Country Based Best Selling

App will generate products based on countries from which orders are coming. You can edit these collection as well

Show Country Based Best Seller

You can use our app to redirect the customers to show best selling products from the country they are visiting from.

About Upsell Best Selling products

  • Have you ever wondered if you could edit your best sellers?
  • Have you ever thought of having best sellers based on countries?

Well, our Cozy Trending App does this for you.

Best Selling From Countries

Cozy Trending App generates the best selling products of all the countries your customers are buying from. Then you can simply go ahead and create just one page where depending on the visitor countries, the best selling products will be shown.

Editable Best Selling Products

Cozy Trending App will generate the best selling products and then you can simply go to the collection and add your own products in these best selling products. Hence, you will be able to prompt some of the products which might be good match for the current season but not necessary best sellers!

June 21, 2021 in E-Commerce, Technology, Tips and Tricks

Multiple Form Builder instructions for Shopify

  1. Create FormCreating multiple forms for your store with the Multipurpose form builder to accept online payments is easy and hassle-free. You can create your forms the way you need from our multiple types of form.
    1. Choose a form you want to create from the Registration Form, Donation Form, Contact Us Form, Sticky Form, Customer Profile Update, Pop-up Form, and Age Verification Form.
    2. After selecting any form type you can start to set up the form details by customizing the required field details. Below are the type of forms you can select and how to set up the selected form easily.
    3. After selecting the Custom form type you can create a form by following the steps given below.
      1. Form Name: Enter a name for the form.
      2. Submit Button Text: Enter the text you want on the Submit button.
      3. Enable Google Captcha: Check/Uncheck the Google Captcha.
      4. Custom Redirect URL: Enter the URL at which you want to redirect your users.
      5. Success Message: Enter the success message you want to display after the form submission.
      6. You can customize your form with an option to Drag and Drop the components to the main panel to build your form content. There is an option to edit, make a copy, or remove the component from the panel. Also, you can add a required or optional validation to your fields and you can use the hidden fields for static or dynamic values. Below are the components you can drag and drop to create your form.
        1. Header
        2. Paragraph
        3. Text Field
        4. Text Area
        5. Select
        6. Number
        7. Autocomplete
        8. File Upload
        9. Hidden Input
        10. Checkbox Group
        11. Radio Group
      7. Add a custom style: An option to add your own custom CSS file that allows the user to integrate custom design to the form without having to compromise on the design each time an iframe is called.
      8. Event Listener: You add event listener action to the form to effectively store all the data of the form in the backend of the website. This eliminates any inefficiency of i-frame that may prevent the user from storing the required data in the admin panel of the website.
      9. There is an email template for sending mail to the user and sending mail to multiple admins by following the below steps:
        1. Select send mail to the user: You can add the mail subject and mail content to send emails to your users who fill the form.
        2. Select send mail to admin: You can add multiple receiver email ids, mail subject, and mail content to send emails to the admin after the form is submitted.
  2. Forms ListYou can search and view the list of the forms you have created by the name of the form, form type, creation date. There will be options to view, edit, or delete the list.
    1. Option to search the Forms list by entering the name of the form, form type, shortcode, submissions, creation date.
    2. Option to view the Forms list with.
      1. Form Name
      2. Form type
      3. Shortcode
      4. Submissions
      5. Creation date
      6. Action
        1. View Data: Option to view submissions for form.
        2. Edit Data: Option to edit the form by editing/adding/deleting the fields data.
        3. Delete Data: Option to delete the form from the list.
    3. View Data.
      When you click on the View data, option to view the details of the respective selected form with total form submissions.
      1. Option to view the fields as per the selected form.
      2. The IP address column will fetch the ip address of the users who submit the form.
      3. Through this option you can download the form submission details in excel format and store on your device.
  3. SettingsYou can enable the SMTP Settings to send emails by following some simple steps given below:
    1. Title: Option to enter a title.
    2. Host: Option to enter the host server name.
    3. Port: Option to enter the SMTP Port number.
    4. Username: Option to enter the username.
    5. Password: Option to set the password.
    6. Encryption: Option to choose the type of encryption.
    7. From Name: Option to enter the sender name.
    8. From Email: Option to enter the sender email address.
    9. Google reCaptcha V2 Setting: Option to enter site key and an option to enter secret key.
    10. Option to Update the settings.
  4. ReportsOn selecting the reports, the you will have to enter the following details:
    1. Form: A dropdown to select the form for which you want the report.
    2. Date: Select the duration for which you want to view the reports.
    3. Option to submit: On submitting the form name and duration, a report with a number of forms submitted on a particular date will be viewed.

June 13, 2021 in Technology

google cloud services

Compute Engine

Virtual machines running in Google’s data center.

Cloud Storage

Object storage that’s secure, durable, and scalable.

Cloud SDK

Command-line tools and libraries for Google Cloud.

Cloud SQL

Relational database services for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server.

Google Kubernetes Engine

Managed environment for running containerized apps.

BigQuery

Data warehouse for business agility and insights.

Cloud CDN

Content delivery network for delivering web and video.

Dataflow

Streaming analytics for stream and batch processing.

Operations

Monitoring, logging, and application performance suite.

Cloud Run

Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.

Anthos

Platform for modernizing existing apps and building new ones.

Cloud Functions

Event-driven compute platform for cloud services and apps.

June 13, 2021 in Technology

AWS services

1. Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

2. Amazon RDS (Relational Database Services)

3. Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)

4. Amazon Lambda

5. Amazon CloudFront

6. Amazon Glacier

7. Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service)

8. Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store)

9. Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)

10. Amazon Kinesis

11. Amazon Auto-scaling

12. Amazon IAM (Identity and Access Management)

13. Amazon SQS (Simple Queue Service)

14. Amazon Elastic Beanstalk

15. Dynamo DB

16. Amazon ElastiCache

17. Amazon Redshift

18. Amazon Sagemaker

19. Amazon Lightsail

20. Amazon EFS (Elastic File System)

21. Amazon Cloudwatch

22. Amazon Chime

23. Amazon Cloud Directory

24. Amazon Cognito

25. Amazon Inspector

June 13, 2021 in Technology

email services

If you’re trying to decide on a good free email service with just the right features, you’ll find there are lots of options to choose from.

This is great, as there’s something for everyone, but it can give you a little bit of decision paralysis.

To help you pick the right one for your needs, here’s a breakdown of some of the most popular free email services. We’ll look at how much storage they have, what they let you do, and why they might work for you.

These are the email services:

  • Gmail
  • Outlook
  • ProtonMail
  • AOL
  • Zoho Mail
  • iCloud Mail
  • Yahoo! Mail
  • GMX
  • Hey (as a bonus – not free, but new)

June 13, 2021 in Technology

Introducing AWS Application Migration Service

AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN) is the primary migration service recommended for lift-and-shift migrations to AWS. Customers currently using Server Migration Service (SMS) are encouraged to switch to Application Migration Service for future migrations.

AWS Application Migration Service simplifies and expedites your migration to the cloud. It allows you to quickly realize the benefits of migrating applications to the cloud without changes and with minimal downtime. 

With AWS Application Migration Service, you can migrate your applications from physical infrastructure, VMware vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (AmazonEC2), Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC), and other clouds to AWS. 

Need an Agentless Service?

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) is an agentless service which makes it easier and faster for you to migrate thousands of on-premises workloads to AWS. AWS SMS allows you to automate, schedule, and track incremental replications of live server volumes, making it easier for you to coordinate large-scale server migrations.

June 13, 2021 in Technology

What is AWS SMS?

AWS Server Migration Service automates the migration of your on-premises VMware vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V/SCVMM, and Azure virtual machines to the AWS Cloud. AWS SMS incrementally replicates your server VMs as cloud-hosted Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) ready for deployment on Amazon EC2. Working with AMIs, you can easily test and update your cloud-based images before deploying them in production.

By using AWS SMS to manage your server migrations, you can:

  • Simplify the cloud migration process. You can begin migrating a group of servers with just a few clicks in the AWS Management Console. After the migration has initiated, AWS SMS manages all the complexities of the migration process, including automatically replicating volumes of live servers to AWS and creating new AMIs periodically. You can quickly launch EC2 instances from AMIs in the console.
  • Orchestrate multi-server migrations. AWS SMS orchestrates server migrations by allowing you to schedule replications and track progress of a group of servers that constitutes an application. You can schedule initial replications, configure replication intervals, and track progress for each server using the console. When you launch a migrated application, you can apply customized configuration scripts that run during startup.
  • Test server migrations incrementally: With support for incremental replication, AWS SMS allows fast, scalable testing of migrated servers. Because AWS SMS replicates incremental changes to your on-premises servers and transfers only the delta to the cloud, you can test small changes iteratively and save on network bandwidth.
  • Support the most widely used operating systems. AWS SMS supports the replication of operating system images containing Windows, as well as several major Linux distributions.
  • Minimize downtime. Incremental AWS SMS replication minimizes the business impact associated with application downtime during the final cutover.

Use of AWS SMS is limited as follows:

  • 50 concurrent VM migrations per account, unless a customer requests a limit increase.
  • 90 days of service usage per VM (not per account), beginning with the initial replication of a VM. We terminate an ongoing replication after 90 days unless a customer requests a limit increase.
  • 50 concurrent application migrations per account, with a limit of 10 groups and 50 servers in each application.

Pricing

There is no additional fee to use Server Migration Service. You pay the standard fees for the S3 buckets, EBS volumes, and data transfer used during the migration process, and for the EC2 instances that you run.